Enzyme Technology Mcqs

Q:

Defect in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase leads to ________

A) red cell hemolysis B) diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning
C) salivary gland disorders D) ruptured ectopic pregnancy
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) red cell hemolysis

Explanation: Defect in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase leads to red cell hemolysis. Diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning is a clinical application of pseudocholine esterase. Following clinical condition shows an increase of amylase concentration:
• Salivary gland disorders such as mumps, salivary calculi.
• Ruptured ectopic pregnancy.

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81
Q:

Which of the following is not a clinical application of angiotensin converting enzyme?

A) Regulates blood pressure B) Regulates blood volume
C) Gout D) Prevents acidosis
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Gout

Explanation: Gout is disease of joints caused by elevated concentration of uric acid in blood. Joints become inflammed, painful and arthritic due to the abnormal deposition of uric acid crystals. Clinical application of angiotensin converting enzyme are:
• It regulates the sodium and potassium ions and helps adjusts blood pressure and blood volume.
• Aldosterone promotes excretion of hydrogen ions in the urine. This removal of acids from the body can help to prevent acidosis.

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75
Q:

Which of the following is a clinical application of pseudocholine esterase?

A) Diabetic ketoacidosis B) Diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning
C) Salivary gland disorders D) Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) Diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning

Explanation: “Diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning.” This is a clinical application of pseudocholine esterase. Following clinical condition shows an increase of amylase concentration:
• Severe diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Salivary gland disorders such as mumps, salivary calculi.
• Ruptured ectopic pregnancy.

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58
Q:

Which of the following is a clinical application of pseudocholine esterase?

A) Acute oliguric renal failure B) Acute pancreatitis
C) Use for metabolism of certain drugs such as succinyl choline, cocaine D) Duodenal ulcer
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Use for metabolism of certain drugs such as succinyl choline, cocaine

Explanation: “Use for metabolism of certain drugs such as succinyl choline, cocaine.” This is a clinical application of pseudocholine esterase. Succinyl choline is a muscle relaxant. If plasma choline esterase concentration is low in serum, then it will cause effect because succinyl choline cannot be metabolized. Following clinical conditions are associated with amylase:
• Acute oliguric renal failure, acute pancreatitis and duodenal ulcer.

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68
Q:

Which of the following places pseudocholine esterase is not found?

A) Hepatic cells B) Intestine
C) Pancreatic juice D) Serum
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Pancreatic juice

Explanation: ? – amylase is seen in higher concentrations in pancreatic and saliva juice. Whereas pseudocholine esterase is found in hepatic cells of liver, intestine and serum.

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78
Q:

Which of the following is not a step of action of nerve impulse?

A) Release of acetylcholine B) Production of the muscle action potential
C) Termination of acetylcholine D) Guanosine monophosphate to guanine
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) Guanosine monophosphate to guanine

Explanation: “Guanosine monophosphate to guanine.” This is a part of the pathway of purine degradation by 5I – nucleotidase. Steps involved in action of nerve impulse are:
• Release of acetylcholine during exocytosis into the synaptic cleft.
• Activation of acetylcholine receptor by binding of 2 molecules of released acetylcholine which opens the channels of small cations such as Na+.
• Production of muscle action potential due to inflow positively charged sodium ions.
• Termination of acetylcholine by acetylcholine esterase which is attached to collagen fiber in extracellular matrix of synaptic cleft.

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77
Q:

Acetylcholinesterase is found in ________

A) saliva juice B) pancreatic juice
C) matrix of synaptic cleft D) tears
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) matrix of synaptic cleft

Explanation: Acetylcholinesterase is found in matrix of synaptic cleft. ? – amylase is seen in higher concentrations in pancreatic and saliva juice, whereas in lower concentrations in tears.

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78
Q:

Allopurinol is administered to treat gout.

A) True B) False
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) True

Explanation: Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase and hence can be administered to treat gout. When xanthine oxidase is inhibited the excreted product of purine metabolism is hypoxanthine, which I more soluble and less likely to from crystalline deposit. Hence the statement is true.

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